The article is devoted to the issue of increasing labor productivity at domestic regional enterprises in the context of increased international competition for sales markets. Empirical material based on the results of a study carried out in Tyumen region, a pilot region, for a number of federal programs to increase labor productivi-ty became the basis for an article. The study has been conducted using methods, such as expert survey, content analysis, secondary data analysis. The article draws our attention to the interest and involvement of enterprises in activities to increase labor productivity; the role of education in the studied processes is shown. The text gives valuable information on the experience of introducing best practices (standard solutions) and receiving services to increase labor productivity through specialized centers of competence. An assessment of the level of implementation of digital services was revealed; practices for increasing labor productivity were studied through the formation of a movement of innovators from among employees and advanced training of workers using the WorldSkills infrastructure. It is specially considered the problem of lean production. A range of problems has been identified that hinder the implementation of programs to increase labor productivity at regional enterprises. It is concluded that at present all conditions have been created for the purposeful activity of enterprises in the direction of increasing labor productivity. At the same time, the problem of increasing labor productivity remains relevant today, and the reasons for low productivity are complex and are associated, first of all, with the corresponding culture.

The relevance of studying the fragmentation of the university community is due to the need for a sociological analysis of the latent consequences of the implementation of the academic managerialism model in Russian higher education. In the new conditions of university management, based on the principles of stimulating competition, bureaucratization of control, formalization of the system of evaluation of academic work, rationalization of costs, an extreme form of its differentiation has emerged in the university community. It was called fragmentation. Academic managerialism creates an organizational and institutional context for this process. In-stead of the cohesion and integration necessary to solve the new strategic tasks of university development, segmentation and polarization have emerged. The fragmentation of the university communities is a challenge to Russian higher education, because it deprives universities of important intangible resources, such as intragroup trust, solidarity, and reciprocity. The aim of the article is to substantiate the signs of fragmentation of the academic communities in Russian universities in the conditions of academic managerialism. The article reveals the concept of fragmentation of the university community, the perception of fragmentation by representatives of university communities, shows the correlation the fragmentation of the academic community with the implementation of a new model of educational management. The first question is based on a theoretical analysis of the philosophical and sociological conceptions of fragmentation, as well as research on the academic profession. The second and third questions are revealed using the empirical data of study (2020-2021, universities of Sverdlovsk region of the Russian Federation). The main method was an in-depth interview with scientific and pedagogical staff of universities (n = 20). Additionally, the author of the article used the method of secondary analysis of research data on university management and the academic communities in Russian universities.

In the article, the growth of inequality in the world is associated with the policy of neoliberal reforms. Neoliberalism as an ideology and practice implies the privatization of state property, the state's withdrawal from the social sphere, and largescale commercialization. The author debunks the market myth, according to which the personal responsibility of each citizen is associated with the common social good. Some neoliberal ideologems that justify inequality are also criticized. It is noted that a number of developed countries, forcing the governments of less developed countries to implement neoliberal reforms, themselves refrain from deep market reform; it is this abstinence that has served their development. Accordingly, for them neoliberalism is primarily an exportoriented ideology and practice that serves to slow down the development of geopolitical competitors. The modern "postmodern economy" is characterized by virtualization, simulacrization, and financial speculation. The article pays the greatest attention to the development of the speculative and financial sector, which has become widespread due to the implementation of neoliberal policies. Financial speculation is seen as a socially harmful phenomenon, bearing its share of responsibility for the growth of inequality.

The relevance of the research of freelancing as a form of nonstandard employment is due to the fact that new jobs have appeared on the Russian labor market that require sociological understanding. The article discusses the reasons for choosing this form of employment. Works of M. Castells show that the idea of a predictable career promotion model is disappearing. Researchers express the idea that freelancing as a form of employment is chosen because of the advantages. These include a flexible schedule, the opportunity to participate in the execution of those projects that are more suitable for the employee due to his personal characteristics, health restrictions that don't allow him to be in a standard labor relationship with the employer, freedom in choosing a specialization, freedom in the distribution of time and workload, freedom of movement. Due to the fact that freelancing is firmly established in the Russian labor market and the demand for freelancers' services is growing, there is a need to study their value orientations and needs realized in work. The article presents the results of an empirical study of persons engaged in freelancing. The revealed hierarchy of values by a freelancer differs from the same for people with standard employment. There are also differences depending on age. Studying the needs of freelancers shows that they correlate with values. The exception is the need for freedom. The materials of the article may be interesting to anyone, who engaged in the study of forms of employment at the present stage of development of Russian society.

The relevance of the study is due to the need for sustainable economic growth in the Russian Federation, which continues to be largely determined by real production, which are concentrated primarily in noncapital industrial cities of the country. The relevance is also connected with the tasks of the spatial development of Russia and overcoming the outflow of the population from the periphery to the capital's centers.

The article summarizes modern approaches to the study of noncapital industrial cities in the research of Russian authors. Most of them problematize socio-economic issues, namely diversification of the economy of monotowns, modernization of cityforming enterprises, formation of small and mediumsized businesses, and improvement of urban infrastructure. A system of measures is proposed for the development of these cities "from above" by influencing the urban economy with the help of various kinds of institutional structures and their strategies. At the same time, initiatives "from below"  on the part of the citizens and their communities  remain poorly studied and unused, or when they are considered, the emphasis is placed on political activism and protest movements. The article articulates the importance of using the actor approach, which allows us to focus on considering the socio-economic and cultural initiatives of citizens and the possibility of their use in shaping the attractiveness of noncapital industrial cities of Russia for highly competent specialists, and especially young people. This approach doesn't diminish the importance of the analysis of management decisions. It also turns out to be associated with the consideration of the sociocultural meanings that people put into their actions and that underlie their identity.

The article describes and analyzes the attitude of young people in Tyumen region to the institutions of state power in the Russian Federation, the political views and social attitudes of young people. It is shown how they affect the perception of political reality, as well as trust or distrust of certain structures and authorities. The correlation between these factors was revealed on the basis of a sociological survey of young people are 14 to 35 years old. The sociological survey highlighted the main state and public institutions of the country in order to identify the attitude of young people to them. The study included the President of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, the Governor of Tyumen Region, the State Duma and the Federation Council, political parties, the police, the Federal Security Service, and the media. We have identified and analyzed the opinion of young people concerning their vision of the prospects of development of power in the country, the priority of decisions in the sphere of state policy, as well as their attitude to the problem of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with certain aspects of life in the context of perception of political reality.

The necessity of adaptation of the ethnic business to modern Russian reality has been substantiated. As part of the ethnic business survival strategy, its tactical steps have been identified in order to quickly adapt to the lingering and undulating nature of COVID-19. Hypotheses are formulated, the verification of which was carried out within the framework of the research. According to the results of the study conducted in 2020-2021 of the processes of formation and development of small and mediumsized forms of management of the Tyumen region, changes in the structure of the ethnic business of the region were revealed. The progress in the organizational and legal forms of small and mediumsized businesses in the direction of increasing the share and number of microenterprises, selfemployment, combining the latter with individual entrepreneurship, etc. is determined. The problem of providing ethnic business with a labor force has been actualized and this phenomenon has been established. The significance of the transaction costs incurred by ethnic businesses for adapting to Russian reality during the third and fourth waves of the coronavirus pandemic was assessed. The features of the costs incurred by the regional society from the adaptive activity of ethnic business in the conditions of COVID-19 have been clarified. The priorities of various aspects of life in Russia of economic entities of external migration are analyzed. Practical proposals have been developed for the implementation of the strategy for the survival of ethnic business in the period of COVID-19.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the conceptual foundations and practical-political aspects of the formation and implementation of modern family policy of the Russian Federation. The family, its theoretical understanding and family policy are considered as dynamic, historically, culturally and socio-economically defined phenomena. A retrospective of theoretical approaches to the sociological study of the family, domestic and foreign models of social policy is given, the level nature of its implementation is characterized. Based on the analysis of the basic documents defining the formation and implementation of family policy, expert assessments and theoretical studies, the conclusion is made about the familistic nature of the model of modern family policy of the Russian Federation. The main aspects of the subjectivity of the family as a fundamental position of modern family policy are identified. The problems of implementing family policy are systematized, a group of problems related to the multi-personality of modern family policy is identified, and recommendations are given to strengthen the scientific, methodological and informational support of family policy.